The official death toll is International outrage leads to sanctions. Preliminary construction work on the Three Gorges dam begins. It will create a lake almost kilometres miles long and submerge dozens of cultural heritage sites by the time it is completed in Rioting erupts in Yining, Xinjiang and on day of Deng's funeral Xinjiang separatists plant three bombs on buses in Urumqi, Xinjiang, killing nine and injuring Thousands of state-owned enterprises are to be restructured through amalgamations, share flotations and bankruptcies.
About four million civil service jobs to be axed. Large-scale flooding of the Yangtse, Songhua and Nenjiang rivers. Falun Gong, a quasi-religious sect, outlawed as a threat to stability. Fiftieth anniversary of People's Republic of China on 1st October.
Beijing says its policy remains defensive. Jiang is re-elected head of the influential Central Military Commission, which oversees the armed forces. He replaces Jiang Zemin, who steps down after 10 years in the post. Strict quarantine measures are enforced to stop the disease spreading.
Two key Hong Kong government officials resign. The government shelves the bill. He opposed violent measures to end 's student protests and spent his last years under virtual house arrest. Aircraft chartered for the Lunar New Year holiday make the first direct flights between China and Taiwan since He is succeeded in June by Donald Tsang.
New law on Taiwan calls for use of force should Taipei declare independence from mainland China. Government says pollution has degraded China's environment to a critical level, threatening health and social stability. The US, Japan and others express concern at China's military build-up. Western rights groups criticise China for dealing with corrupt or abusive regimes. Both sides agree to try to iron out differences over their shared history.
Food and drug scandals have sparked international fears about the safety of Chinese exports. Pro-Tibet activists in several countries focus world attention on the region by disrupting progress of the Olympic torch relay.
Japan and China reach a deal for the joint development of a gas field in the East China Sea, resolving a four-year-old dispute. Hua Guofeng, who succeeded Mao Zedong for a short period in , dies in Beijing aged Nearly 53, Chinese children fall ill after drinking tainted milk, leading Premier Wen Jiabao to apologise for the scandal.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao says the effect of the global financial crisis on China is worse than expected. Hillary Clinton calls for deeper US-China partnership on first overseas tour as secretary of state. First sign of relaxation of strictly enforced one-child policy, as officials in Shanghai urge parents to have a second child in effort to counter effects of ageing population. Leaders of China and Taiwan exchange direct messages for the first time in more than 60 years.
Six men are sentenced to death for involvement in ethnic violence in Xinjiang. The US calls on Beijing to investigate the cyber attacks, saying China has tightened censorship. China condemns US criticism of its internet controls. Xuanzong eventually complied, and ordered her strangled. Lushan himself was later killed, and Xuanzong abdicated the throne to his son. The An Lushan Rebellion severely weakened the Tang Dynasty and eventually cost it much of its western territory.
One of the best remembered is Li Bai, born in A. A Daoist recluse who left home at an early age, Li Bai spent most of his life wandering around, and his poems focus on nature, friendship and the importance of alcohol.
Bai Juyi, born in A. Bai Juyi was a lifelong government worker and died in A. Wang Wei, born in A. Late period poet Li Shangyin, born in A. His popularity came primarily after his death. Woodblock printing was developed in the early Tang era with examples of its development dating to around A.
Commercial books began to be printed around B. In B. The oldest surviving printed document from the Tang era is the Diamond Sutra from A.
Woodblock printing is credited for helping make Buddhism a regular part of ordinary Chinese life by giving Buddhist monks the opportunity to mass-produce texts. Monasteries insinuated themselves in many aspects of life, including schools for children, lodging for travelers and spaces for gatherings and parties. Monasteries were large landowners, which provided them with the funds to act as moneylenders and pawnbrokers as well as own businesses like mills. Buddhist monks were proactive in spreading Buddhist stories into the Chinese popular culture, which led to Buddhist festivals that were embraced by the people.
There was some backlash, however, to the growing influence of Buddhism. Nearly 50, monasteries and chapels were destroyed, , slaves seized and , monks and nuns forced back into civilian life. The orders were abolished in A.
The Tang Dynasty after A. By A. Huang Chao, who had failed his civil service exams, led his army on the capital and took control. In contrast to the golden age of poetry in the Tang Dynasty, Huang Chao ordered the deaths of 3, poets after an insulting poem had been written about his regime. The Dynasties of China. Bamber Gascoigne. Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Patricia Buckley Ebrey. Skip to main content.
Early Chinese Dynasties. Search for:. The Qin Dynasty. The Qin Dynasty was one of the shortest in all of Chinese history, lasting only about 15 years, but was also one of the most important. It was marked by a strong sense of unification and crucial technological and cultural innovation. Shi Huangdi standardized writing throughout the empire, built expansive infrastructure, such as highways and canals, standardized currency and measurement, conducted a census, and established a postal system.
Legalism was the official philosophy, and other philosophies, such as Confucianism, were suppressed. Shi Huangdi also built the Great Wall of China, roughly 1, miles long and guarded by a massive army, to protect the nation against northern invaders. The Qin Dynasty collapsed after only 15 years.
There was a brief period of chaos until the Han Dynasty was established. Key Terms Mandate of Heaven : The belief, dating from ancient China, that heaven gives a ruler the right to rule fairly.
Legalism : A Chinese philosophy claiming that a strong state is necessary to curtail human self-interest. Great Wall of China : An ancient Chinese fortification, almost 4, miles long, originally designed to protect China from the Mongols.
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