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Glass makes a clunking noise, while crystal sounds like a reverberated ringing. However, if you stop rubbing the rim and leave your finger touching the glass, your finger will stop the vibrations and the sound stops as well. In a wine glass filled with water, you actually should have been able to see the generated vibrations in the form of a little wave pattern that develops, especially around the glass walls.
If you did the extra activity with the ping pong ball, you also probably made the vibrations visible. The ball should dance inside the glass as it gets pushed around by the vibrations of the walls each time it comes in contact with the glass edges. In each case when you tapped the glass with the metal spoon, you should have heard the same note as when you used your finger. Using the metal spoon is just another method to get the glass walls to vibrate, and the generated sound waves of the glass thus stay the same.
Sometimes, even vibrations of one glass can make another glass vibrate and sing if you put them very close together.
However, when adding different amounts of water to the glass, you should have noticed that the pitch of the sound changed depending on the water level; the more water you add to the glass, the lower the pitch of the sound you hear.
This is due to the fact that the water volume inside the glass makes it much heavier and therefore, it is more difficult for the glass walls to vibrate. That means that the sound wave generated by the vibrations is much slower or has a lower frequency. As the frequency of a note is correlated to its pitch, the pitch produced by the glass goes down as you add more water. If you can use more than one glass, you can play around with different water levels or glass shapes and sizes; each one will have a different resonance frequency and will produce a different note.
Try to find different glasses and change water levels to generate each note of the musical scale. Can you play a simple song with your glass harp? This activity brought to you in partnership with Science Buddies.
Already a subscriber? Sign in. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. See Subscription Options. Go Paperless with Digital. Key concepts Sound Physics Music Resonance Introduction Thanksgiving can be a wonderful time of year, with friends and family getting together. Materials Wine glasses and permission to use them carefully optional: different size and shapes Water Graduated liquid measuring cup Metal spoon Ping pong ball optional Chromatic tuner optional, available as free phone app Piano or keyboard for comparing notes optional Preparation Find a working area that can tolerate some water spills.
Carefully gather your wine glass es and your measuring cup, as well as some water. Wash your hands with dish soap and rinse your hands thoroughly. Procedure Take an empty wine glass and put it in front of you on the table. Hold down the base of the glass with your non-dominant hand. Rub your dry finger around the rim of the glass while pressing down gently.
Observe how it feels. Does your finger stick to the glass or is it gliding smoothly along the rim? Do you hear a sound? Wet the index finger of your dominant hand with water. Rub your finger around the rim of the glass again while pressing down gently. Does it feel different than with a dry finger? How much resistance do you feel this time? Does the glass start to sing? Here is a web site I found with more info:.
It seems that adding water to the glass increases the vibrating mass so that the resonant frequency goes down and, thus, the pitch of the sounds wave is lowered. How do you think the pitch would compare if you used a bigger glass? If you take good crystal glasses and move your finger around the edges, why do they make sound.
Also, if you fill them with water, why does the sound vary? Answer 1: A chain of events occur when you move your finger across the rim of a glass and make sound. Answer 2: What we call sound is a vibration in air or some other substance.
Here is a web site I found with more info: singing glass It seems that adding water to the glass increases the vibrating mass so that the resonant frequency goes down and, thus, the pitch of the sounds wave is lowered.
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